目的 确认我国临床医师绩效评价的关键问题。方法 收集近年来国家和地区出台的有关临床医师评价的政策文件， 系统分析和归纳我国临床医师绩效评价理论和实践研究方面的 96 篇文献，运用文献综述法、问卷调查法、层次分析法的原理， 对文献进行定性和半定量研究。结果 科室之间标化统一问题、评价科学客观性不足、评价指标轻医疗重科研、评价难以延续及 现有体系无法综合评价临床医师能力等问题是国内临床医师绩效评价的关键问题。结论 应当在国家政策导向前提下，从更加 深入、系统、整体研究临床医师绩效评价的内涵方面入手，整合信息系统、管理体制、专家资源，实现横向和纵向的实时化比较， 注重反馈与绩效提升，建立全过程绩效管理体系。

Objective To identify the key issues related to performance evaluation of clinicians in China. Methods Policy documents on clinician evaluation issued by the state and local governments in the past few years were collected. A total of 96 articles on theoretical and practical studies of clinician performance evaluation in China were systematically analyzed and summarized, and qualitative and semi-quantitative studies were conducted using literature review, questionnaire-based survey, and hierarchical analysis.Results The studies identified the following key problems: the evaluation criteria were not standardized and unified between hospitaldepartments; the evaluation lacked objectivity; the evaluation indicators focus more on medical treatment and less on scientific research; there is a lack of continuity; and the existing system is unable to comprehensively evaluate clinicians' abilities. ConclusionGuided by the national policies, in-depth, systematic and holistic studies on the connotation of clinician performance evaluation should be performed. Accordingly, the information systems, management systems, and expert resources should be integrated to realize horizontal and vertical real-time comparisons and feedback and performance improvement should be emphasized, and a whole-process performance management system should be established.